Influence of the Increased SST on Baroclinic Instability Wave Activity Under an Aqua Planet Condition

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1610 Atmosphere (0315, 0325), 1616 Climate Variability (1635, 3305, 3309, 4215, 4513), 1620 Climate Dynamics (0429, 3309), 1630 Impacts Of Global Change (1225), 3319 General Circulation (1223)

Scientific paper

We investigated the influence of the increased SST on the extratropical baroclinic instability wave activity using aqua planet general circulation model. Two types of runs were performed: one is High+3 run, in which the SST is increased only in the high latitudes, and the other is All+3 run, in which the SST is increased uniformly all over the world. These SST increases were intended to reproduce the essential changes of surface temperature due to global warming. Wave activity was analyzed and discussed from the viewpoint of the energetics. In the High+3 run, midlatitude meridional temperature gradient is decreased in the lower troposphere and the wave energy is suppressed in the extratropics. In the All+3 run, although the large tropical latent heat release greatly enhances the midlatitude meridional temperature gradient in the upper troposphere, global mean wave energy does not change significantly. These results suggest that the low-level baroclinicity is much more important for the baroclinic instability wave activity than upper-level baroclinicity. Another interesting feature is a poleward shift of the wave activity in the All+3 run, which is also seen in the actual global warming simulations by many authors. Wave energy generation analysis indicates that the poleward shift of wave activity is mainly caused by the increased upper-level vertical shear of westerly in the higher latitudes. This suggests that the upper-level baroclinicity influences the favorable latitude of the baroclinic instability wave activity without significantly changing its global mean.

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