Spectral Principal Component Analysis of a PG X-ray QSO Sample: -- Three Independent Sets of Relationships in QSO's UV-Optical Spectra

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We found three independent principal components in a spectral principal component analysis (SPCA) of a complete sample of 22 low redshift QSOs with spectra from Lyα to Hα . Each principal component represents a set of relationships among QSO continuum and line properties. One set of relationships reveals an anticorrelation between emission lines and QSO luminosity, similar to Baldwin effect, but only the narrower component of broad emission lines are involved. Another set of relationships shows a strong anticorrelation between optical and UV Fe II emission, related to the Boroson & Green(1992) Eigenvector 1. The broad component of broad emission lines shows up in this relationship as well. The third set of relationships seems to relate the UV continuum slope to some other QSO properties. The three principal components account for 50% of the total variance in the sample. The fact that narrower and broader components of broad emission lines seem separated into two independent principal components suggests that low and high velocity gas contributes differently to different relationships. This could also be possibly used in future work to reduce the scatter in luminosity relationships (e.g. Baldwin relationships) by using only the narrow component of broad emission lines. This may allow luminosity to be measured from QSO spectra, providing standard candles for cosmology.

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