The evolution of shear and gravitational wave perturbations of Friedmann models and the isotropy of the universe

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Astronomical Models, Cosmology, Gravitational Waves, Relativity, Differential Equations, Dust, Isotropy, Linear Equations, Mathematical Models

Scientific paper

The author considers the evolution of shear and gravitational waves, larger than the Hubble length, in Friedmann universes. By considering a perfect fluid with a linear equation of state, p = nρ, he obtains exact analytical solutions for the perturbations in the flat case and closed-form solutions in the open and closed cases if the content of the Universe is represented either by dust, p = 0, or radiation, p = ρ/3. The behaviour of the different relative quantities, during the evolution of the different models, is analyzed. Regarding our real Universe, the author states the difficulty to explain the present observed homogeneity and isotropy unless one postulates special initial conditions.

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