Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
Oct 1984
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1984ssrv...39....1k&link_type=abstract
Space Science Reviews (ISSN 0038-6308), vol. 39, Sept.-Oct. 1984, p. 1-63.
Mathematics
Logic
22
Astrometry, Spaceborne Astronomy, Technological Forecasting, Atmospheric Effects, Grids, Hipparcos Satellite, Hubble Space Telescope, Satellite-Borne Instruments, Very Long Base Interferometry
Scientific paper
The present state of earth-based astrometry, which is the part of astronomy that measures the positions, motions, distances, dimensions, and geometry of stars is discussed. The five types of astrometry, which are described by the size of the field in which a single instrument can produce measurements, as well as their applications, are considered. The methods used to construct a quasi-inertial celestial reference frame and to materialize it by a fundamental catalogue are presented. The VLBI reference system is found to be the closest approximation to an inertial reference frame. The limitations of ground-based astrometry which include atmospheric turbulence and refraction, the earth's motions, and the inconsistency of global astrometry are given and it is shown how they disappear if astrometry is done from space. The ESA astrometric satellite, HIPPARCOS, its joint experiment, TYCHO, and the Large Space Telescope are described. The establishment of an absolute reference frame is also discussed and the plans consist of linking the HIPPARCOS stellar system to the VLBI system, to the FK5 system, and to quasars. Several space astrometry proposals such as a long focus telescope in space and two versions of space interferometry are presented.
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