New effects in the 11-year modulation of galactic cosmic rays

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Galactic Radiation, Long Term Effects, Primary Cosmic Rays, Solar Cycles, Anomalies, Energy Spectra, Field Strength, Solar Activity Effects, Solar Magnetic Field, Sunspots

Scientific paper

The authors call attention to two apparently related anomalies in the time history of the intensity of cosmic rays and in the energy spectrum of cosmic rays. A diagram is presented which shows the time history of the intensity of primary cosmic rays of rigidity greater than 0.5 GV and greater than 2.5 GV over the period 1958 to 1974 obtained from stratospheric probe measurements in Murmansk and Moscow, compared with the trend predicted according to the formula of Stozhkov and Charakhch'ian that takes into account the number of groups of spots on the sun and their mean heliographic latitude. For both rigidity ranges, the agreement between theoretical and observed intensity is very close until 1971, where sharp divergence occurs, followed by a convergence once again in 1973-1974. Another graph shows the time history of the intensity of cosmic rays in the transient maximum of the high-altitude curve at Murmansk and at the neutron monitor in Deep River. These two trends also diverge, in the period 1969-1973. Data on the strength of the solar magnetic field from 1968 to 1973 suggest that these anomalies are related to changes in the solar magnetic field, which is extended into interplanetary space by the solar wind.

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