Temperatures in the protoplanetary disk: models, constraints, and consequences for the planets.

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Scientific paper

Astrophysical and cosmochemical limitations for models of the protoplanetary disk are discussed. One group of restrictions includes the masses and radii of the disks around young stars, their surface temperatures, and their characteristic lifetimes. Another group includes observable relative abundances of elements in the different mineral phases constituting the matter of planets and meteorites. These restrictions substantiate models of the protoplanetary disk, which assume a high effective viscosity (viscous accretionary disk). The models take into account not only heating of the disk from inside (by viscous dissipation) but also from outside (by radiation of the young sun) and the effect of phase transitions in the disk upon the thermal structure. In the median plane of a protoplanetary disk the temperature during 1 million years decreases from ≥800 to 500K in the region of 1 AU and from ≥300 to 200K at 3 AU. The implications for the growth and possibility of differentiation of preplanetary bodies measuring 10 - 1000 km across are discussed.

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