Determination of the absolute declinations of equatorial stars from observations at the equator using a transit instrument

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Astrometry, Declination, Stars, Random Errors, Zenith

Scientific paper

A transit instrument and a zenith telescope are used to determine the absolute declinations of equatorial stars by the micrometric method proposed by Kreinin and Murri. A method of analogous observations, both of zenith stars and of pairs of stars at large zenith distances, on a transit instrument only is proposed. This method enables one to reduce the random error in aiming at the star, the number of unknowns, and the influence of the instability of the instrument's azimuth, as well as to determine its azimuth. In this case the observation of pairs of stars at large zenith distances and the observation of stars near the zenith are conducted under the same conditions, which facilitates the performance of the observations themselves and their treatment.

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