Observations of cool dust in planetary nebulae

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Cosmic Dust, Far Infrared Radiation, Infrared Spectra, Planetary Nebulae, Spectral Energy Distribution, Stellar Radiation, Calibrating, Mass Distribution, Optical Thickness, Radiant Flux Density, Spatial Distribution, Stellar Spectrophotometry

Scientific paper

Far-infrared (lambda/bar/ = 37 to 108 microns) observations of 13 planetary nebulae are presented. Their far-infrared spectral energy distributions are in general similar to that of NGC 7027, the only planetary heretofore observed at these wavelengths. Characteristic dust temperatures are near 100 K. The one planetary with a far-infrared spectral energy distribution significantly different from that of NGC 7027 is IC 418. Relative dust masses have been computed for the nebulae, and, within the very large errors, no signifcant differences are found between the masses of dust in individual nebulae. The one exception is, again, IC 418, which may have a significantly lower dust mass than the other nebulae. Emission optical depths are computed and appear to be roughly correlated with the nebular electron density.

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