Computer Science
Scientific paper
Jul 1992
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1992metic..27..212c&link_type=abstract
Meteoritics, vol. 27, no. 3, volume 27, page 212
Computer Science
1
Scientific paper
The ^187Re-^187Os isotope system has long been recognized as a method by which the age of iron meteorites can be directly determined (Herr et al., 1961). Pioneering work by Luck and Allegre (1983) established a whole-rock isochron for iron meteorites and the results, were used to determine indirectly the half-life of ^187Re. We have developed: a) high ionization efficiency mass spectrometry techniques for platinum group elements, including both Re and Os separated from iron meteorites (Creaser et al., 1991, 1992); b) low filament loading blanks for both Re and Os (<0.1 picogram, each); c) high yield and low blanks for the chemical separation techniques (yields 70-80%; blanks 1 pg for Os, <10 pg for Re). We have developed a new method for the rapid, clean and efficient separation of Os and Re from 10^-2 g samples of iron meteorites. This will permit taking advantage of variations of Re/Os on a small scale. The chemical separation scheme involves acid dissolution, preconcentration of Os and Re from Fe-Ni, oxidative solvent extraction of Os and ion exchange chromatography to recover Re. We have established that Os and Re thus chemically separated from iron meteorites show the same ionization efficiency as Os and Re from standard solutions, namely ~20% for each element. Of primary importance is the degree of isotope exchange and equilibration between sample and spike for Os. By analyzing the isotopic composition of Os at different stages of the chemical separation we are able to demonstrate that isotopic equilibration can be achieved to the level of +-1o/oo. However, this is not yet a routinely resolved issue. We believe, based on experience during the development of this technique, that isotope equilibration for Os prior to chemical separation is a critical issue that needs further attention. The results we have obtained so far from iron meteorites are given in Table 1. We have started analyses of the large magmatic group of IIA irons, which are little shocked and little metamorphosed, in order to attempt to establish a high precision isochron for these objects. For two samples, where we have high precision data for both Os and Re, the slope indicated is 0.077, which yields an age of 4530 Ma using the best estimate of the ^187Re half-life by direct measurement (Lindner et al., 1989). These results are in close agreement with the revised data of Horan et al. (1992) but markedly different from published iron meteorite data using the lower precision techniques where slopes of 0.070-0.074 indicate apparent ages of 4150-4350 Ma. We believe that previously reported data, including the data on the half-life of ^187Re, require confirmation using the current high-precision and high- sensitivity techniques, before the reliability and utility of the Re-Os technique can be ascertained. Acknowledgement. This work was supported by NASA, Grant NAG 943. Contribution No. 779. References Creaser, R. A., Papanastassiou, D. A., and Wasserburg, G. J. (1991a) Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 55, 397-401. Creaser, R. A., Papanastassiou, D. A., and Wasserburg, G. J. (1992) Lunar Planet. Sci. XXIII (abstract), 255-256. Herr, W., Hoffmeister, W., Hirt, B., Geiss, J., and Houtermans, F. G. (1961) Z. Naturforsch. 16a, 1053-1058. Horan, M. F., Morgan, J. W., Walker, R. J., and Grossman, J. N. (1992) Science 255, 1118-1121. Lindner, M., Leich, D. A., Russ, G. P., Bazan, J. M., and Borg, R. J. (1989) Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 53, 1597-1606. Luck, J. M. and Allegre, C. J. (1983) Nature 302, 130-132. Table 1. Re-Os isotopic data from iron meteorites. Os ppm Re ppb 187Os/188Os 187Re/188Os Bennett County IIA 59.6+-0.1 0.12503+-5 Coahuila IIA 9.87+-0.02 0.14158+-7 Tocopilla IIA 1.062+-0.002 207.9 0.16913+-15 0.9451 Negrillos IIA 69.4+-0.1 5022.7 0.12315+-2 0.3497 Cape York IIIA 0.13374+-9 Canyon Diablo IA 0.13464+-11 Tlacotepc IVB 0.12068+-8 Osmium standard (NHr)2OsCl6 0.14911+-3
Creaser Robert A.
Papanastassiou Dimitri Anastassios
Wasserburg Gerald J.
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