Physical Processes of Poloidal Flux Injection in CMEs

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The erupting flux rope (EFR) model of CMEs has been extensively tested against CME dynamics observed by SOHO and STEREO, demonstrating good agreement between model results and data: the best-fit solutions can reproduce observed CME trajectories from the Sun to 1 AU to within 1-2% of the data, and such solutions yield the poloidal flux injection function whose temporal profiles closely match those of the associated soft X-ray flare emissions. This provides evidence that the flux injection function captures the underlying physical connection between CME acceleration and flare energy release [1]. This mathematical function admits two distinct physical interpretations. In this talk, the physical processes that can contribute to poloidal flux injection are discussed, one involving flux of subphotospheric source and the other of coronal source. Recently, Schuck [2] and earlier, Forbes [3] argued that there is insufficient Poynting flux observable through the photosphere to support the subphotospheric flux injection hypothesis. These calculations, however, impose ad hoc large-scale coherent horizontal fields in the photosphere and do not have any subphotospheric source of flux or any equations of motion describing an ``injection'' process from a source through a medium. That is, these arguments contain no flux injection mechanism that they purport to ``falsify'' and no physical properties of the convection zone. Physically relevant signatures of subphotospheric flux injection are discussed.
[1] Chen, J., and Kunkel, V. 2010, ApJ, 717, 1105.
[2] Schuck, P. W. 2010, 714, 68.
[3] Forbes, T. G. 2001, Eos Trans. AGU, 82(20), SH41C-03.

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