Anomalous X-ray Pulsars: Pulsed Flux Flares and Large Torque Variations in 1E 1048.1-5937

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We report on the results of long-term monitoring of all five confirmed Anomalous X-ray Pulsars (AXPs) using the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE). Specifically, we describe the significant pulsed flux variability exhibited by AXP 1E 1048.1-5937. The principal features of this variability are two pulsed X-ray flares which lasted several months and had well resolved few-week-long rises. The long rise times of the flares is a phenomenon not previously reported for this class of object. We also report large (factor of 12) changes to the pulsar's spin-down rate on time scales of weeks to months, shorter than has been reported previously. We find marginal evidence for correlation between the flux and spin-down rate variability, which we argue poses another significant challenge to any disk-accretion model for AXPs, but is not inconsistent with the magnetar model.
This work is funded by NSERC, FQRNT, CIAR, and NASA.

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