Rotation of the neutron-drip superfluid in pulsars - The Kelvin phonon contribution to dissipation

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Energy Dissipation, Neutron Stars, Phonons, Pulsars, Stellar Interiors, Angular Momentum, Energy Transfer, Hamiltonian Functions, Momentum Transfer

Scientific paper

Epstein and Baym have shown that excitation of the unperturbed Kelvin mode would produce a large resistive force on superfluid neutron vortices moving relative to the crust nuclei in a neuron star. It is shown here that real Kelvin phonon states are strongly perturbed by the vortex-nucleus interaction. The phonon spectrum, for vortices not parallel with lattice vectors given by small Miller indices, is that of a 1D disordered system. The resistive force produced by one-phonon creation and annihilation is negligible for small vortex velocities (approximately less than or equal to 100 cm/s) but is large in the high-velocity limit. Two-phonon processes are estimated and may produce a significant small-velocity temperature-dependent contribution to the resistive force. Coupling of vortices with lattice phonons, however, is the more important mechanism of energy dissipation at low temperatures.

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