The Radio Continuum, Far-infrared Emission, and Dense Molecular Gas in Star-forming Galaxies

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Scientific paper

A tight linear correlation is here established between the HCN line luminosity (from Gao \& Solomon's HCN survey) and the radio continuum (RC) luminosity (at 1.4 GHz from the NRAO VLA Sky Survey) for a sample of 65 galaxies, including normal spiral galaxies and luminous and ultraluminous infrared galaxies (LIGs/ULIGs). After analyzing the various correlations among the global infrared (IR), RC, CO and HCN luminosities and their various ratios, we conclude that only the IR-RC and IR-HCN correlations appear to have truly physically direct relations and the combination of these two tightest correlations could result in the tight RC-HCN correlation we observed. The apparently strong RC-CO correlation is de facto the worst among all correlations we show here and there is no any correlation between ratios of RC/HCN and CO/HCN or RC/IR and CO/IR. In comparison, the RC-HCN correlation stands out significantly better and a meaningful correlation is still observed between ratios of RC/CO and HCN/CO. Based on these results and analysis, we claim that it is practical to use RC luminosity instead of IR luminosity, at least globally, as an indicator of star formation rate in star-forming galaxies. Case study with the Cartwheel galaxy for local correlation between IR (Spitzer) and RC is also conducted in comparison.

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