Massive Star Multiplicity: The Cepheids U Aql and W Sgr

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Accurately identifying all the companions in multiple of star systems, especially massive ones, provides insight into star formation. We observed two well-known classical Cepheid binary systems, U Aql and W Sgr, with STIS (Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). In both cases an additional previously unknown component was found. For U Aql, in addition to the component separated by 1.5", and the hottest star in the system (the companion in the spectroscopic orbit), a third star was seen, midway between the other two both spatially and in brightness. For W Sgr, the companion in the spectroscopic orbit is not the hottest star in the system. Deriving information about this companion which has an energy distribution similar to that of the Cepheid will be discussed. As found previously (2005, ApJ, 130, 789), nearly half of the well-studied Cepheid binaries are actually triple systems.
Funding for this work was provided by HST grant GO-09105.02-A and Chandra X-ray Center NASA Contract NAS8-39073

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