Stable isotopic investigations of early development in extant and fossil chambered cephalopods I. Oxygen isotopic composition of eggwater and carbon isotopic composition of siphuncle organic matter in Nautilus

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Eggwaters from the chambered cephalopod Nautilus are depleted in both 18 O and deuterium relative to ambient seawater. Eggwaters from six other species, including the related chambered cephalopod Sepia , do not show such depletion. These observations indicate that the previously observed step towards more positive 18 O values in calcium carbonate laid down after Nautilus hatches, relative to carbonate precipitated prior to hatching, can be explained by equilibration of the carbonate with water in the egg before hatching and with seawater after hatching. The presence of an oxygen isotope difference between eggwater and seawater for Nautilus and its absence for Sepia suggest that hatching will be recorded in the 18 O values of shell carbonates for some but not all extinct and extant chambered cephalopods. The 13 C values of the organic fraction of the siphuncle in Nautilus do not show any consistent pattern with regard to the time of formation before or after hatching. This observation suggests that the minimum in 13 C values previously observed for calcium carbonate precipitated after Nautilus hatches is not caused by a change in food sources once the animal becomes free-swimming, as has been suggested.

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