Distributions of Constant Directional Derivatives and a Model of Spiral Patterns

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Methods, Nonlinear Science - Galaxies, Structure, Nonlinear Science &Ndash, Galaxies

Scientific paper

Galaxy image analysis indicates that for any spiral galaxy image of small inclination, there is evidence of two orthogonal sets of iso-ratio curves in different scales which, like curvilinear coordinate lines, expand over different galaxy components. This result sets a constraint on galaxy patterns and its description by partial differential equation system is presented in He (2003, 2004). In the current paper, the authors present the same model directly using curvilinear coordinates and reformulate the equation system in completely different and simpler forms. A family of general solutions of the analytic spiral model is found. The solutions do present spiral patterns. This analytic method on spiral pattern study may provide a quantitative scheme for galaxy pattern analysis and shed insights on the understanding of large-scale gravitational systems.

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