The Assembly of Galaxies and Their Black Holes: A New Paradigm for Hierarchical Galaxy Formation?

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

One of the most profound discoveries in modern astronomy is that most galaxies host supermassive black holes (SMBH), and that the properties of the SMBH and their hosts seem to be intimately connected. Even more intriguing is that the activity we witness via accretion onto SMBH (quasars and Active Galactic Nuclei; AGN) and the observed star formation activity both seem to rise and fall over cosmic history in almost perfect synchronization. Moreover, both star-forming galaxies and AGN show the same "downsizing" trend: the activity drops earlier and more rapidly in more massive objects. In the theoretical arena, a "new paradigm" has emerged in which galaxies and their black holes grow in tandem, and black holes are responsible for regulating star formation and thus shaping many of the basic relationships between galaxy properties. In this picture, AGN feedback is invoked to solve a host of long-standing and thorny problems suffered by Cold Dark Matter (CDM) models of galaxy formation. For example, it has been suggested that AGN feedback could shut down cooling flows and quench star formation in massive galaxies, producing the observed bimodality in galaxy colors, morphologies, and star formation histories. I will discuss these problems and assess the proposed solution, particularly focussing on the issue of whether CDM models with AGN feedback can simultaneously reproduce the observed properties of galaxies and AGN at both low and high redshift, as probed by recent multiwavelength deep surveys.

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