Computer Science
Scientific paper
Sep 2003
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2003esasp.535..339k&link_type=abstract
In: Solar variability as an input to the Earth's environment. International Solar Cycle Studies (ISCS) Symposium, 23 - 28 June 2
Computer Science
Solar Modulation, Water Vapour
Scientific paper
Measurements of O3, H2O vapour, NO2 and temperature (T) from Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE) over the period October 1991 - March 2003 are used to investigate their altitude-latitude dependence on solar variability. Using multiple regression analysis it was found that all of them are modulated by changes in solar irradiance. The concentration of NO2 and H2O increase below 40 km when the Sun is more active with the NO2 enhancement showing a stronger response (up to 6%) compared with those of H2O vapour (no more than 1.5%). These results confirm our previous model assessments for the enhanced importance of NOx and HOx ozone destructive cycles and their role for the reduced sensitivity of the stratospheric O3 and T in the contemporary atmosphere to variations in solar irradiance. It was found a negative response of O3 about 25 km which exactly coincides with a positive anomaly in NO2 mixing ratio. This is in agreement with previous analysis of SBUV data, however we show that the reason for this is enhanced ozone destruction by NOx cycle (not shielding effect of upper stratospheric O3), moreover the positive anomaly in the upper stratospheric O3 is much less than those reported in SBUV analysis. The secondary maximum of H2O below the tropopause is much stronger and its seasonal variations are related to solar modulation of troposphere-stratosphere tropical exchange. The annually averaged solar regression term for temperature shows that the whole stratosphere and upper troposphere are warmer throughout the tropics during the periods of higher solar activity. This result is in agreement with the SPARC assessment and UKMO TOVS analysis. Possible mechanisms warming the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere when the Sun is more active are discussed.
Haigh Joanna D.
Kilifarska Natalya A.
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