The initial conditions of star formation in intermediate- to high-mass protoclusters

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

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Scientific paper

To better understand how the initial conditions of the highly complex star formation process depend on environmental conditions, it is crucial to study at high-angular resolution the morphology, the kinematics, and eventually the interactions of pre-stellar core candidates associated with intermediate-/high-mass star formation. In this work, we study the cold condensations in the intermediate-/high-mass proto-cluster IRAS 05345+3157, focusing on the interaction with the other objects in the cluster. We have performed millimeter high-angular resolution observations, both in the continuum and several molecular lines, with the PdBI and the SMA. The main results of this work are the following: the observations reveal the presence of 3 warm cores identified in the millimeter continuum, called C1-a, C1-b and C2, and of two very cold and dense cores, called N and S, identified by observations of D , a molecular species eminently suitable to trace pre-stellar gas. None of the millimeter cores are associated with cores N and S. C1-b is likely a massive young stellar object driving a powerful ouflow. The study of the gas kinematics across the source indicates a tight interaction between the deuterated condensations and the sources embedded in the millimeter cores. For the nature of N and S, we propose two scenarios: they can be either low-mass pre-stellar condensations in which turbulent motions are dominant, or 'seeds' of future high-mass star(s).

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