Dust production in the envelopes of carbon stars: R Coronae Borealis

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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Carbon Stars, Condensing, Cosmic Dust, R Coronae Borealis Stars, Soot, Fullerenes, Infrared Radiation, Limb Darkening, Nucleation, Pulsars, Red Giant Stars, Stellar Luminosity, Variable Stars

Scientific paper

A quantitative, analytic model of darkening events of R Coronae Borealis, based on phenomenological models of light decline by soot formation, with focus on causal relation between the pulsating atmosphere and episodic condensation processes, is presented. The most important properties of R Coronae Borealis, such as anisotropy of soot distribution, episodic occurrence of condensation processes and expansion motion of soot clouds, were recognized as a sequence of a chain of sensitive regulation mechanisms. It is ascertained, that small carbon clusters can absorb star thermal ultraviolet radiation and are so accelerated by radiation pressure, and that supersonic drift velocities are reached. The DRACON (Drift Regulated Anisotropic Condensation) model was used to establish that drift velocity is reduced by stellar pulsation in interaction between shock waves and validation field variations until effective condensation occurs. It is concluded that soot formation anisotropy is a consequence of the deterioration of spherical symmetry due to semiregular multiphase pulsations of R Coronae Borealis, and of the extreme sensitive conditions of condensation dependence on drift velocity.

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