The Evolution of Galaxies in Groups

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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Hst Proposal Id #6675 Cosmology

Scientific paper

There is now convincing evidence that galaxy evolution has progressed as a strong function of the environment. The strongest evolution is seen in the cores of rich clusters, which, at the present epoch, are dominated by red, early type galaxies, whereas comparable clusters at z ~ 0.4 have blue star-forming spiral galaxies in addition to galaxies with disturbed morphologies. The evolution of galaxies in the field is milder and observed mostly among low luminosity irregular galaxies. The marked contrast between the rich cluster and field results makes it difficult to construct a convincing unified picture of what environmental processes are driving galaxy evolution. Here we propose to observe galaxies in small groups at z ~ 0.4, that ``bridge'' the 10^4 density gap between the two environmental extremes. We will determine the morphological mix of galaxies in groups to examine how this depends on group richness. Furthermore, we will compare the frequency and severity of the morphological disturbances of galaxies in groups to those of galaxies in the field and in rich clusters. This analysis will help confine those environmental mechanisms that transform galaxies. We propose to obtain HST images with the F702W filter of 10 groups, which have already been extensively studied photometrically and spectroscopically. With 10 4-orbit observations we will get a large enough and deep enough sample to study galaxy evolution over a range of environments.

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