The evolution of impact basins - Viscous relaxation of topographic relief

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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Impact Loads, Lunar Evolution, Lunar Topography, Relaxation Time, Structural Basins, Viscous Flow, Half Spaces, Lunar Craters, Lunar Crust, Lunar Far Side, Lunar Geology, Lunar Gravitation, Lunar Surface, Lunar Temperature, Meteorite Craters, Rheology, Surface Roughness

Scientific paper

A topographic profile of the young large lunar basin, Orientale, is presented in order to examine the effects of viscous relaxation on basin topography. Analytical models for viscous flow are considered, showing a wavelength-dependence of time constants for viscous decay on the decrease in viscosity with depth and on the extent of the isostatic compensation of the initial topography. Lunar rheological models which are developed include a half-space model for uniform Newtonian viscosity, density, and gravitational acceleration, a layer over inviscid half space model with material inviscid over geological time scales, and a layer with isostatic compensation where a uniformly viscous layer overlies an inviscid half space of higher density. Greater roughness is concluded, and has been observed, on the moon's dark side due to continued lower temperatures since the time of heavy bombardment.

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