GRB 090926A And Other Bright, Long-lived Optical Afterglows From Fermi LAT GRBs

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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The GRB 090926A was detected by both the GBM and LAT instruments onboard the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope. Swift observations were requested beginning 13 hours after the initial trigger. The optical afterglow was detected by the Swift UVOT for nearly 23 days post trigger, making it one of the longest lived optical afterglows ever observed. The afterglow is of particular interest due to the presence of optical flares at T0+10^5 seconds and later, which may indicate late-time central engine activity. GRB 090926A represents the fourth LAT burst (to date there have been 13 GRBs detected by LAT) to exhibit a bright, long-lived optical afterglow. In comparison, the Swift satellite, which has been operating for 5 years, has detected over 450 bursts, but has only seen a handful of bursts with bright optical afterglows that live longer than 10^5 seconds. We have calculated the predicted gamma-ray fluence, as would have been seen by the BAT onboard Swift, of the LAT bursts to determine whether the high percentage of long-lived optical afterglows is due to a unique class of GRB. We find that, with the exception of the short burst GRB 090510A, the predicted BAT fluences indicate the LAT bursts are more energetic than 93% of all Swift bursts, but of similar fluence to many of the previously detected Swift bursts that also had long-lived afterglows.

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