Theoretical models of planetary nebulae. I - Truncated, composite shell models

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

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Astronomical Models, Planetary Nebulae, Stellar Envelopes, Stellar Evolution, Stellar Spectra, Chemical Composition, Forbidden Transitions, Optical Thickness, Radiant Flux Density

Scientific paper

Sets of theoretical models of spherically symmetrical gaseous nebulas are calculated for a fixed chemical composition and with central star energy distributions given by Cassinelli (1971) and by Kunasz, Mihalas, and Hummer (1975). A central region of constant density equal to 100 H/cu cm is surrounded by a broken shell consisting of zones of different density and optical thickness. It is found that for a fixed chemical composition and central star flux, a considerable range can be found in the emitted fluxes of certain lines such as 4686-A which are often used to fix the level of excitation of a nebula. Although it is possible to produce models yielding a variety of nebular line ratios in this way, these truncated inhomogeneous shell models have not reproduced the integrated spectra of nebulas that simultaneously show extreme features of high and low excitation with great strength - e.g., forbidden N II, forbidden O II, and He II 4686 A.

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