Structure and photometry of an I less than 20.5 galaxy sample from the Hubble Space Telescope medium deep survey

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Astronomical Photometry, Galactic Structure, Galaxies, Image Analysis, Sky Surveys (Astronomy), Cosmology, Error Analysis, Galactic Evolution, Hubble Space Telescope, Image Reconstruction, Radii, Red Shift, Stellar Luminosity

Scientific paper

A set of 100 faint galaxies from nine Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Wide Field Camera (WFC) I-band images have been analyzed as part of the Medium Deep Survey (MDS) Key Project. This sample reaches a depth of I approximately less than or equal to 20.5 (corresponding to B approximately 22-23) and complements the first set of fainter galaxies analyzed by the MDS team. Images were deconvolved using the Lucy-Richardson algorithm and a newly developed procedure designed to yield a more reliable determination of structure in the low-S/N regime. These deconvolved images were used to characterize the structure of the galaxies through quantative measurements of total magnitudes, half-light radii, exponential disk scale lengths, and disk-to-total rations. Extensive testing was done to establish the validity of the procedures used and to characterize the degree of systematic errors present in the analysis techniques. The observed size-magnitude distribution appears consistent with a scenario in which luminous galaxies have evolved little in intrinsic luminosity, size, or structure over recent epochs in a 'normal' cosmology (0 less than q0 less than 0.5 and Lambda0 = 0). The predicted nonevolving distributions were based on models designed to fit existing counts, colors, and redshifts of faint galaxies and on the observed correlations between metric rest-frame size and luminosity found in a nearby galaxy sample studied by Kent (1984-1985). The typical galaxy in our sample is expected to be at z approximately equal to 0.3, and to have a luminosity approximately 0.5 mag fainter than L* and a half-light radius of approximately 1 sec or approximately 6 kpc (H 0 = 50 km/s Mpc). The observed distribution of disk-to-total ratios, while uncertain, is in agreement with that of Kent's sample and thus supports the view that substantial evolution has not occurred over the look-back times characteristic of our sample.

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