Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics – General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Scientific paper
2010-12-11
JCAP06(2011)025
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
26 pages, LaTeX Published version with small modifications
Scientific paper
In a model of 3-brane embedded in 5D space-time we calculate the graviton emission from the brane to the bulk. Matter is confined to the brane, gravitons produced in reactions of matter on the brane escape to the bulk. The Einstein equations which are modified by the terms due to graviton production are solved perturbatively, the leading order being that without the graviton production. In the period of late cosmology, in which in the generalized Friedmann equation the term linear in the energy density of matter in dominant, we calculate the spectrum of gravitons (of the tower of Kaluza-Klein states) and the collision integral in the Boltzmann equation. We find the energy-momentum tensor of the emitted gravitons in the bulk, and using it show that corrections due to graviton production to the leading-order terms in the Einstein equations are small, and the perturbative approach is justified. We calculate the difference of abundances of ${}^4 He$ produced in primordial nucleosynthesis in the models with and without the graviton production, and find that the difference is a very small number, much smaller than that estimated previously.
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