Biology
Scientific paper
Dec 1976
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1976sci...194.1322l&link_type=abstract
Science, vol. 194, Dec. 17, 1976, p. 1322-1329.
Biology
22
Exobiology, Extraterrestrial Life, Landing Sites, Mars Landing, Mars Surface, Viking Lander Spacecraft, Microorganisms, Radioactive Materials, Soils, Sterilization Effects, Temperature Effects, Ultraviolet Radiation, Viking Mars Program
Scientific paper
All results of the labeled-release life-detection experiment conducted on Mars prior to conjunction are summarized. Tests at both landing sites provide remarkably similar evolution of radioactive gas upon addition of a radioactive nutrient to the Mars sample. The 'active' agent in the sample is stable to 18 C, but is substantially inactivated by heat treatment for 3 hours at 50 C and completely inactivated at 160 C, as would be anticipated if the active response were caused by microorganisms. Results from test and heat-sterilized control samples are compared with those obtained from terrestrial soils and a lunar sample. Possible nonbiological explanations of the Mars data are reviewed. Although such explanations of the labeled-release data depend on UV irradiation, the labeled-release response does not appear to depend on recent direct UV activation of surface material. Available facts do not yet permit a conclusion regarding the existence of life on Mars.
Levin Gilbert V.
Straat Patricia A.
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