Unified formation of astronomical objects up to stellar mass range

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Gravitational Collapse, Interstellar Matter, Meteoroids, Stellar Atmospheres, Stellar Mass, Granular Materials, Gravitational Effects, Hydrogen, Nuclear Fusion, Oxygen Atoms

Scientific paper

An attempt is made to outline a theory which can represent, in a unified way, the formation of a whole sequence of astronomical objects ranging from meteoroids to stars. The theory apparently involves the formation of protocores by large grains which have segregated from the gas in interstellar clouds under the influence of gravity over time intervals not exceeding 100 million years and the subsequent accretion of partially opaque gravitationally bound atmospheres by the protocores. Effects of accreting other grains and oxygen atoms are discussed, and it is shown that such accretion could lead to a considerable increase in grain size, thus reducing the segregation time to well below 100 million years. Analysis of the accretion and contraction of the protocore atmosphere indicates that protocores with a mass below a certain limit possess negligible atmospheres, that objects up to the stellar mass range are formed by gravitational contraction when the temperature of the opaque part of the atmosphere becomes slightly higher than that of the surrounding gas, and that binary or multiple systems form from neighboring protocores due to gravitational contraction of their separate and common atmospheres.

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