Five Years Monitoring of Extragalactic Radio Sources - Part Four - Variability Statistics and the Unified Models for AGN / Active Galactic Nuclei

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

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Scientific paper

We analyse the 22 and 37 GHz variability characteristics of a representative sample of bright, flat-spectrum extragalactic radio sources. The sample consists of 8 BL Lacs, 7 high polarization (blazar- type) quasars and 8 low polarization (ordinary) quasars observed in the Metsahovi quasar monitoring program, with about 900 flux measurements obtained between 1980 and 1986. We search for correlations between high frequency variability and quiescent spectral characteristics, as well as differences between the various classes of AGN. We find that both the spectral and variability characteristics of BL Lacs and quasars are very similar, with at best marginally significant differences. This indicates that they all have the same basic structure and the same basic mechanism for radio variability: a directed, relativistic outflow and shocks in this flow. For quasars we find that the variations became more rapid with increasing spectral flatness, although the degree of variability does not increase. We seek to explain this with a simple orientation-dependent model for quasars. BL Lacs exhibit a very wide range of variability characteristics, and no correlations with spectral shape are found.

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