The Evolution of the Multiplicity of Young Stellar Objects

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

We present the results of our survey for Class I binary stars. We observed a binary frequency excess over the T Tauri and main-sequence populations, especially at separations wider than 1000 AU. Furthermore, the least evolved Class I YSOs only have resolvable companions with separations beyond 1000 AU, suggesting that Class I YSOs have experienced significant dynamical evolution before the Class I phase and thus are not dynamically "pristine". Although the Class I binary separation distribution undergoes dramatic change, the Class I binary frequency remains constant until the end of the Class I phase, when it drops sharply. The binary frequency at separations wider than 1000 AU steadily declines with respect to the spectral index on a time scale equal to the Class I life time, suggesting that the loss of wide companions is related to the transition from the Class I to Class II phase. We propose a model to explain the observed changes in the Class I binary separation distribution where ejections and the loss of the circumstellar envelope are both important. We also observed significantly different binary separation distributions in different star forming environments. The origin of this difference is unclear. This research is funded by the NASA IRTF.

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