Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
Mar 1982
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1982newsc..93..720h&link_type=abstract
New Scientist, vol. 93, Mar. 18, 1982, p. 720-725.
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
Spaceborne Telescopes, X Ray Astronomy, Exosat Satellite, Heao, X Ray Astrophysics Facility, X Ray Sources, X Ray Telescopes
Scientific paper
Various programs and discoveries of X-ray astronomy from space-based instruments are reviewed. The first X-ray object discovered was Sco X-1 during a rocket flight in 1962. The Uhuru satellite identified dozens of X-ray sources, including Cyg X-1, which is a possible black hole. The HEAO-1 satellite carried detectors large enough to permit some resolution of the X-ray sources. X-ray telescopes were used on Skylab and on HEAO-2, employing a parabolic mirror at the aperture followed by a hyperbolic mirror which focused the original image onto a detector. The HEAO-2, also known as the Einstein Observatory, allowed discovery of a number of quasars. The X-ray telescope satellites Copernicus, Einstein, and Ariel VI were successively shut down, leaving only the Japanese spacecraft Hakucho detecting burster events. Future X-ray observing satellites such as AXAF, Exosat, and Rosat are outlined.
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