Spectroscopic identification and characterization of the nearest stellar associations to Earth

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Clusters of stars that form at a similar time can tell us about the evolution of stars. If the clusters are young and nearby, then we can also study the development of planetary systems. Only a couple of clusters of stars are known within 60 pc of Earth. Recently, the existence of the nearest region of recent star formation, the TW Hydrae Association, was established beyond a reasonable doubt. The ~10 million year old stars of this association are located about 50 pc from Earth and emit copious quantities of X-rays. Dust particles, molecular gas, a brown dwarf, and, perhaps, a giant planet which orbit various stars in the association have all been detected and studied during the past two years. We propose to determine if certain other groups of apparently comoving stars, also located about 50 pc from Earth form one or more youthful associations similar to the TW Hya Association. If these stars do form an association (or two) this will increase significantly the number of known stellar associations close to Earth and provide new targets for the study of the formation of planetary systems.

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