The chemical inhomogeneity of globular clusters

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Abundance, Globular Clusters, Stellar Composition, Carbon, Giant Stars, Heavy Elements, Line Spectra, Metallicity, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Stellar Luminosity

Scientific paper

This paper reviews many of the properties relating to the chemical inhomogeneity of globular clusters. Three main types of anomalous stars are found within clusters: the CH stars, weak-G-band stars, and giants with enhanced CN bands. Of these, the CN-enhanced giants are the most common, while the CH stars are the rarest. A number of characteristics of these stars, including the relationship between the carbon and nitrogen abundances; correlations between CN enhancements and atomic line strengths; and the stellar luminosity dependence of C and N abundances, are discussed. The cluster Omega Cen not only contains all three types of the above-mentioned stars but also exhibits a much wider variety of abundance anomalies, including star-to-star iron-peak element variations and the presence of a radial CN gradient. A number of the characteristics of the Omega Cen inhomogeneity are described. Possible mechanisms for establishing internal cluster-abundance variations are summarized, and arguments for and against two of the most popular of these, the mixing and primordial-enrichment hypotheses, are discussed.

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