Measurement of the cosmic microwave background temperature and Galactic emission at 8.0 and 8.3 GHz with the ARCADE 2 experiment

Details Measurement of the cosmic microwave background temperature and Galactic emission at 8.0 and 8.3 GHz with the ARCADE 2 experiment Measurement of the cosmic microwave background temperature and Galactic emission at 8.0 and 8.3 GHz with the ARCADE 2 experiment

Feb 2006

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2006phdt........30s&link_type=abstract

PhD Thesis, Proquest Dissertations And Theses 2006. Section 0035, Part 0606 205 pages; [Ph.D. dissertation].United States -- Cal

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

1

Cosmic Microwave Background, Temperature, Galactic Emission, Arcade 2

Scientific paper

This work presents a measurement of the radiometric temperature of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and of the intensity of Galactic emission at 8.1 and 8.3 GHz. These are the science results of the first flight of the ARCADE 2 instrument, on which the author's design, fabrication, and data analysis work forms the basis of this dissertation.
ARCADE 2 (Absolute Radiometer for Cosmology, Astrophysics, and Diffuse Emission) is a balloon-borne instrument designed to perform measurements of the radiometric temperatures of the sky at six microwave frequency bands, from 3 to 90 GHz, to milliKelvin precision. ARCADE 2 features a novel cryogenic design and sophisticated radiometry as described herein. During the first flight of the instrument, a mechanical failure allowed for the accumulation of scientifically meaningful data in only one frequency band, and those results are not as well constrained as that from future flights will be. However, the measurement presented here of the radiometric temperature of the CMB is in fact the one of most well constrained below 10 GHz, and the measurement of Galactic free-free and synchrotron emission presented here is a potentially significant confirmation of existing results.
The temperature of the CMB at 8.0 and 8.3 GHz is found to be 2.90 × .12 K and 2.77 × .16 K respectively. The level of Galactic synchrotron emission at these frequencies is found to be that which would be expected by naively interpolating the previously available data at other frequencies, and the level of Galactic free-free emission is found to be two-thirds as high, providing an independent confirmation of changes recently announced in the three year Galactic foreground results release from the WMAP satellite.
The first section of this work is a comprehensive review of important topics in cosmology, the CMB, and deviations from a blackbody spectrum therein, as well as Galactic microwave emission. The second section describes the ARCADE 2 instrument and instrumental considerations, with some emphasis on design and fabrication contributions by the author. The third section presents the data obtained from the first flight of the instrument, the data analysis as carried out by the author, and the science results.

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