Magellanic Irregular Galaxies and Chemical Evolution of Galaxies

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Abundance determination provides a way to study the evolution of galaxies. In conjunction with other properties of galaxies, such as the gas mass fraction, the present rate of star formation or the luminosity, they can help to determine the 3 major quantities which govern the chemical evolution of galaxies: the Initial Mass Function (IMF), the past rate of star formation (SFR), and the amount of heavy elements produced at each generation of stars. Possibilities of abundance determinations in external galaxies are rare. Even in the closest galaxy, the Large Magellanic Cloud, stellar spectra are restricted to supergiants whose complex atmospheres prevent us from obtaining accurate abundances. Spectra or colours of the integrated light of clusters, or galaxies themselves, can give some information. However, this integrated light comes from a mixture of stars of different spectral type, luminosity c1asses and luminosity, its interpretation in terms of abundances is not straightforward (e. g. Tinsley 1980, Fund. Cosm. Phys., 5,287). For external galaxies, H I1 regions provide the most reliable abundances. They are bright enough to be observed in distant galaxies and the emission line intensities are proportional to the abundances of the emitting ions. Two major problems remain in the way to elemental abundances: correction for unseen ions, and the amount of different elements locked in dust grains.

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